COSMOLOGY
From: dwhig265@gmail.com
Date: 31 Jan 2010
CONCLUSIONS REGARDING Ia SUPERNOVAE by Dwain W. Higginbotham
When a IaSne explodes in a non red shifted environment it reaches maximum brightness in 21 days. This is called the rise time of the light curve. When a IaSne occurs in a red shifted galaxy you can tell how fast it is moving by how long its' rise time appears to take to reach maximum brightness. If it takes 23.1 days it's moving away from us at 10% of the speed of light. 31.5 days = 50% l/s, 42 days = 100%,46.2 =110%, which is about the limit with present telescopes for
accurately determining rise time. Obviously, light speed is not a limiting factor for SNe or their host galaxies which have been observed up to z = 5.8 in HST deep field observations, and if IaSNe could be resolved at that speed and distance, the rise time would be 142.8 days! The rise time phenomenon gives proof positive by the science of simple optics, that the galaxies are moving away from us at those speeds! How is it possible to see them, you might ask. Simple,
any speed is just a series of Planck lengths, all of them dead stopped, and the photons are emitted back towards us at normal light speed of 300m kps. In other words, the speed of light is not affected by the speed of the emitting object. Observers in the emitting galaxy
would not be able to see us however, because our radiation would never catch up to them. Then, you might exclaim, "but we can see superluminal galaxies in all directions, and that would not be
possible unless we were standing still in the middle of all of them"!
At that point an establishment Einsteinian astronomer would tell youthat there is no center to the universe, and trot out the analogy of a loaf of raisin bread rising, wherein all the raisins move away from each other much like equipositioned dots on the surface of an inflating balloon move away from each other. No matter there's always one central raisin or void. Even though they readily agree the galaxies are receding from each other in excess of light speed, that doesn't violate the postulate that "nothing can exceed light speed" because the galaxies are maintaining the same relative distances between each other but the space between them is expanding. Never mind that galaxies receding from each other in excess of twice the speed of light would never be able to see each other. That is not observed!
Further, there are no subluminal quasars. That means the distance between quasars in opposite directions is greater than the size of the observable universe in any one direction. What does that say about the idea that "the universe appears the same to all observers, wherever
situate". I have added the above so that a five year old child will be able to understand what follows.
Since we see superluminal IaSne in orthogonal directions we can conclude that our "Local Group" of galaxies orbit around the now dormant center of the Universe, and all the other trillions of galaxies are rushing away from us at ever increasing speeds the farther away they get. There is therefore no "Hubble Constant". The center is of course the long sought "Absolute Reference Frame" to which all galactic motion is relative. The center is also the stationary frame for the Universe wide stationary medium through which EMR moves.A further explanation. Recall, in 1998, two teams of high z IaSNe observers published the "story of the year" that concluded the expansion of the Universe was accelerating because IaSNe were DIMMER
than expected. At that time , all samples were subluminal. Then, in 2003, superluminal samples were discovered but were not behaving properly, because samples at z = 1 and above were BRIGHTER than expected. They concluded the Hubble constant had shifted gears seven
billion years ago. I concluded the following and informed them immediately but got no response.
Another interesting thing about superluminal IaSne and their host galaxies. Once they exceed light speed, relative to the center, they can no longer radiate in the direction they are traveling, and the radiation has to go somewhere, so it comes out the side facing us causing them to be brighter and brighter than expected, the further away they are from us. I'll make a testable prediction::: IaSNe at z =1 will have a certain brightness (which is BRIGHTER than expected by
the high z research teams) and higher red shifted ones will be actually BRIGHTER STILL, even though farther away up to z = 1.2 or 1.3. This also explains Quasars, but because there are only 100,000 of them they can't be individual galaxies. The best bet is that they are tightly bound, x-ray emitting clusters, like Coma that once they hit light speed, really put on some fireworks! Another prediction:::
There are NO Coma-like clusters at z = 1.1 and greater because their total brightness, including the x-ray radiation homogenizes, and they appear point like, and the individual galaxies can no longer be resolved. $1,000.00 for the first one brought to my attention with verification. Since there is presently no activity in the center and a one time "Big Bang" would preclude our gently orbiting local group, it must erupt periodically, much like "Old Faithful".(To account for the
isotropic appearance as far as we can see.) I won't hazard a guess about how long the eruptions last, but if any credence can be given to the 13.7 billion year age of our locaare older, the further they are from us) that is when the last eruption ceased, petering out at the tail end, with the creation of only enough "matter" out of whatever "stuff" Mother Nature uses, to form the 40 or so galaxies of the local group. I don't see the necessity for any more heat in the eruption other than enough to keep the newly formed matter in a gaseous state until it forms itself into
Hydrogen etc, and then stars and galaxies.
I have been publishing and copyrighting these ideas, which are my original intellectual property since 1990. The above is also copyrighted by me this date of 31 Jan 2010, all rights reserved.
Dwain Willard Higginbotham, Miami , Fla. USA
E-mail dwhig265@ gmail.com
I sent the above to Ned Wright last Sept and got no response. I offer $25,000 to the first person to prove the part about the local group orbiting. What was once the center, cannot possibly be true. D.W.H.
